Conscious Sedation For Patients Who Cannot Have Deep Sedation And Complete Analgesia

 

Kyung-Il Hwang, M.D., Sang-Ho Lee, M.D.

 

Dept. of Anesthesiology, Wooridul Spine Hospital, Seoul, Korea

 

Background: During percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomies (PELDs), the patients must be able to respond to the surgeons who are very anxious about damaging spinal roots and cords. Therefore, the surgeons must keep asking the patients whether there are any pains or motor weaknesses in legs. For that reason, any patient cannot have deep sedation and complete analgesia. Consequently, the patients may have painful and awful memories. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the conscious sedation using target-controlled infusion (TCI) with propofol can solve these problems.    

 

Methods: Ten patients scheduled to take PELDs were assigned to this test. The ages of patients were from 27 to 73. As soon as the surgeon began to process the operation, TCI of propofol was started at a target plasma level of 1.0 mg/ml adjusted in steps of 0.1 mg/ml to maintain a sedation level 3 on a 5-point sedation scale. 5 L/min of oxygen was supplied to the patients through the nasal cannula.

 

Results: Eight patients were satisfied with the anesthesia of TCI using propofol. Two patients ran into the sedation level 4 and could not communicate with the surgeons though the target plasma levels were 0.9 and 1.0 mg/ml at that moment. We failed in conscious sedation of those patients. Their ages were 73 and 68. The mean target concentration range of eight patients who took the operations well was from 0.9 mg/ml to 1.3 mg/ml. They did not recall any painful memories. Their ages were from 27 to 59.

 

Conclusions: We may have the conclusion that TCI using propofol can protect the patients who are less than 60 years old from the painful and awful memory during the surgery such as a PELD, but we must have further study for patients group who are more than 60 years old.

 

References: A. Roode, et al. Anesth & Analg 2000;91:1056-1061